Thursday, August 27, 2020

The Importance of Diversity in Communication Today Free Essays

The world we live in is a world made out of consistent changes and contrasts among individuals. History would reveal to us how far the time of mankind has stretchedâ€from the time of cave dwellers, to the time of land investigations, to Renaissance, up to the time of industrialization, and now, the time of globalization. In any case, there are accessible instruments and approaches to settle every distinction among individuals. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Importance of Diversity in Communication Today or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now One of the most helpful and best approaches to do this is through correspondence. Correspondence helps incredibly in the filling of holes among individuals who have contrasts in perspectives, culture, and settings (Sproule, p. 13). Its various nature has demonstrated to assume a significant job before. For instance, during the hour of the early mountain men, correspondence was done non-verbally. It shows the effortlessness of life during the said period. It was totally different during the Industrialization Age when different apparatuses for correspondence were developed. The presence of phones and early PCs had an extraordinary effect in the region of correspondence. These progressions recommend that correspondence adjusts with time and the necessities of the individuals during that time. In this current period however, what is the job and significance of decent variety in correspondence in a globalized world? Assorted variety among societies is one thing that assumes a significant job in correspondence today. With the distinctions in their perspectives, custom, and religion, individuals from various societies regularly conflict with one another. In correspondence, it ought to be noticed that social decent variety is one of the critical and significant perspectives we ought to consider when conveying (Bovã ©e, p. 26). For instance, today that we are in the realm of free enterprise, business correspondence assumes an imperative job for the achievement of organizations and ventures. When managing colleagues and representatives from an alternate race and culture, it is significant that we realizes how to speak with them with foundation and information on their way of life (Schirato, p. 87). For instance, the Japanese are known to be patient and qualities convention when managing their organizations when contrasted with other Western ones who are more straightforward, direct, and casual. Assorted variety in the results of innovation additionally gives an effect on correspondence these days. In light of the creation of the Internet, composed, verbal, and non-verbal correspondence are not, at this point restricted. DuPont, p. 66). Composed correspondence presently transforms from the manner in which it used to be. For instance, sends today no longer require long days or long periods of standing by to be gotten. Texting, similarly as talk and messages, are uncontrolled today and aides in the quick sending and accepting of messages. The ways on the best way to convey verbally likewise change with the utilization of the Internet. Before verbal trade of messages can just happen by and by. Be that as it may, presently, video conferencing, wherein two individuals could converse with one another regardless of whether they are in two distinctive area, is conceivable. Significant changes in the territory of non-verbal correspondence are likewise occurring. Different results of innovative progressions add to the scope of decent variety correspondence has. The assorted variety in the results of innovation encourages correspondence to be quicker, amazing, and compelling. Despite the fact that there are negative issues with respect to online correspondence, we were unable to in any case shroud the enormous effect innovation has made to change the manner in which we impart. What's more, social decent variety for others is a boundary for powerful correspondence. Be that as it may, the assorted variety helps in for additional comprehension and development of the individuals. The most effective method to refer to The Importance of Diversity in Communication Today, Papers

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Three Parts of the Soul Essay Example For Students

Three Parts of the Soul Essay The Republic of Plato comprises of a discourse between numerous extraordinary savants that endeavors to answer two or three significant inquiries, one of which is what is equity? As the book moves starting with one contention then onto the next, there is by all accounts a progressing discussion of what precisely is implied by equity and the simply man. In Book IV, we at long last start to see basic improvement made concerning the components of an equitable city. They can establish that an equitable city comprises of three social classes, the Guardians (Rulers Of the City), Auxiliaries (Protectors Of the City), and Producers (Working class of the City). The blend of these three cultural classes cooperating can make a genuinely just city that hopes to fulfill all, not only one social class. All things considered. Book IV proceeds to decide the association between the equitable city and the simply man. As they have just confirmed that an equitable city comprises of parts of a general public, the simply individual additionally comprises of parts; portions of the spirit. We will compose a custom article on Three Parts of the Soul explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Socrates can distinguish the initial segment of the spirit as the levelheaded part that longs for truth, the second piece of the spirit as the energetic part that outline respect, and a wanting piece of the OLL that longs for everything else, for example, food, drink. Cash and sex. Socrates feels that the connection between the pieces of the spirit and the pieces of the city reflect hove equity is had and how equity ought to be kept up, Socrates first perspective to the only monomaniacs to being sane. He feels that being judicious is the fundamental piece of an individual, and hence it controls over soul and want, One who is sane can motivation to settle on appropriate choices that are of the eventual benefits othernesss and the general public as a maintain It is the calculative piece of he soul that takes into consideration people to weigh-out their choices before deciding. It requires an individual to get mindful of what's going on around them and utilize their attention to settle on legitimate choices that are the very pinnacle of knowledge. Being sound is now and again troublesome, for it takes an individual who is sufficiently able to go to bat for what they feel is correct and follow up on it such that Will advance a feeling Of progress. One way the sound individual succeeds is by additionally accomplishing the soul part of the spirit. Cases that having soul turns into a basic piece Of the spirit concerning how the sane individual acts. There are numerous individuals who might be viewed as objective, however decadent don't have the soul to shout out so as to settle on sensible choices, their capacity to reason is inadequate. Subsequently, one who accomplishes the capacity to be vivacious in occasions where sensible choices are to be Madeira ordinarily the ones who can advance change for the improvement of all. The vivacious piece of the spirit is competent administering freely from reason, yet it is generally not close to as powerful. In a spirit controlled by soul, for example, the whole soul targets accomplishing honor rather Han equity. The lively piece of the spirit does not have the fundamental part of thinking and along these lines the choices being made through respect are not generally the most savvy. At the point when the spirit demonstrations as one through explanation and soul it analyzers the capacity to detail activities and choices that are eventually going to be valuable to all humanity, before long prompting a simply world. The last piece of the spirit that has not yet been referenced is the craving part, or the hunger part Here we see the spirit following up for the benefit of its own needs and wants. The craving part f the spirit gives the individual a tendency to accomplish something and afterward gives that longing to the balanced piece of the spirit minored to decide if to do the specific activity or not. .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa , .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa .postImageUrl , .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa , .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa:hover , .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa:visited , .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa:active { border:0!important; } .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa:active , .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa:hover { obscurity: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relative; } .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enrichment: underline; } .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content improvement: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u83d377b4d6 c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u83d377b4d6c60152299c478b5e2ee8aa:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Social establishments EssayWhat eve want isn't generally What is balanced, and accordingly note that the capacity to reason is the thing that keeps the spirit from persistently doing unstitching. The wanting part targets satisfying our hungers, for example, food, sex, material products, and cash. Without legitimate preparing, the spirit once in a while ends up living Off ones wants as opposed to the prosperity of others. Prompting an out of line world. In an equitable soul, the spirit is designed totally for satisfying whatever information cherishing wants reason produces. At the point when each of the three pieces of the spirit are acting in amicability with each other, equity is achieved. The sane piece of the spirit is the most significant in light of the fact that it places things in context, It takes into account one to settle on the best possible choices that appear to be the most intelligent and advance the most prosperity for all. The reasonable part prompts the lively part in light of the fact that being balanced considers one to be increasingly positive about their choices and along these lines take into consideration progressively gutsy activities. At the point when these two sections are cooperating, it prompts wants that advance an existence of joy and equity for all. A portion of the inward characteristics of a simply individual become basic in the presentation of just activities, Wisdom is one of the principle characteristics of a person. An individual is shrewd when they can reason and settle on choices based on judicious contemplations. Individuals of shrewdness don't follow up on sense, but instead consider things and consequently settle on savvy choices. Many are loaded with intelligence however come up short on the fearlessness to stand in opposition to their musings and bits of knowledge. Mental fortitude is a basic advance in the exhibition of the fair individual since it gives people the motivating force to take care of what they feel is correct. Through training, soul (mental fortitude) turns into the partner of reason since people discover that soul gives them the assurance to stay With What they accept is correct and follow up on it (boldness). At the point when an individual can control their insight and boldness, they act freely from the spirit and along these lines live with some restraint. Control becomes clear when the three pieces of the spirit become companions with each other to make a feeling of solidarity. Every need to flourish off the other to before long lead to equity. An individual turns out to be exactly when each the three pieces of the spirit demonstration freely to each other yet at the same time utilize each other to better their presentation as an equitable individual. At the point when reason rules and soul invigorates us the to advance a feeling of progress, we make positive wants that don't attempt to rule our lives. With these characteristics and parts of the spirit cooperating, it can conceivably prompt a fair city. Since we have decided the importance of equity according to Socrates, we can contrast his record with that to Cephalic and Trashcans. Cephalic wandered that equity was the regarding of legitimate commitments, while Trashcans proposed that equity is anothers acceptable while bad form is ones own acceptable. These two definitions are connected by the basic of providing for every what is fitting. Despite the fact that Socrates doesnt essential feel like equity is both of those, his definition suggests that equity is providing for every what is fitting as far as their job in the public eye. There will be Guardians, Auxiliaries, and Producers, each being doled out job in just society that best suits their tendency and that best serves society all in all. The entirety of the social classes are cooperating to detail a spot that advances a fair domain. As individuals figure out how to reason through instruction, they will turn out to be increasingly mindful of tank isn't right and what is correct, in this way following up on those choices. As the three pieces Of the spirit cooperate, it Will prompt a spot that not just looks to the benefit of o

Effect of Acculturation on Consumer Behaviour

Impact of Acculturation on Consumer Behavior Cultural assimilation and influence of it on ethnic minorities buyer conduct. Unique: This paper presents what cultural assimilation is and its effect on shopper conduct. Cultural assimilation speaks to a multifaceted and progressing process where the consistent communications between the minority and predominant ethnic gathering iteratively influence social mentalities, practices and qualities across society. A significant part of the cultural assimilation process is frequently the requirement for people to show accomplishment throughout everyday life, either to the prevailing cultural gathering or to their own ethnic gathering. This conduct is reliable with customer cultural assimilation hypotheses that contend that items instilled with social importance are purposely devoured by ethnic minorities to show their social adjustment. This is the procedure of cultural assimilation. Presentation: An elective buyer cultural assimilation point of view is that ethnic minority people who exhibit prominent utilization frequently do as such so as to show their feeling of dismissal from the prevailing society. This dismissal may emerge from encounters of prejudice regularly finishing in poor scholastic execution, failure to acquire generously compensated occupations and battles to build up a self-personality that is both perceived and esteemed by their own ethnic gathering and others. The ethnic minority people feeling of dismissal may then be spoken to by the utilization of items that separates them from the predominant gathering and features their disparities. An utilization demonstration possibly mirrors their apparent feeling of dismissal and shows their failure and reluctance to comply with the prevailing cultural culture. Fundamental body : The dispute is that there are varieties in buy choices of small scale societies. It is felt that the division of subcultures will give academicians and specialists with better and increasingly right information from which to comprehend the clients who culturally assimilate. Research here will let more prominent and progressively exact intercultural correlations. We additionally guess that the right now distinguished social classifications are far and too expansive to even think about proving important usage designs or be prescient of future utilization conduct, with the changing ethnic root region. Dimensional nature of cultural assimilation: To shopper specialists, cultural assimilation is estimated by some scale on different things identifying with the respondents cultural assimilation process, for example, language most loved and information about the host culture.â A respondents scores on all things are then assembled (or further arrived at the midpoint of) to yield a solitary score of the respondents cultural assimilation level.â This training accept cultural assimilation to be one-dimensional and along these lines can be communicated by a solitary score.â However, explore in brain research and human science has demonstrated that cultural assimilation is an increasingly compound multidimensional thought. A perceptible report from the above is that various specialists have proposed various structures for the cultural assimilation. Some gander at just conduct, some utilization absolutely attitudinal components, yet others join both social and attitudinal components in the structure. Despite the fact that these structures contrast from one another, they all express that cultural assimilation is a one-dimensional structure, yet a multidimensional construct.â Therefore, when a scientist announces level of cultural assimilation with a solitary score, the outcome might be biased and may not mirror the genuine impact of the various parts of cultural assimilation. Way cultural assimilation can impact buyer conduct is through the support and change of the acculturating people self-identity.â The cultural assimilation process clearly significantly affects the people self.â It is principle for the person to become accustomed to the progressions while simultaneously keep up a joined self.â The contention among change and coherence in the cultural assimilation process is reflected in the items the client devours and the manner in which utilization happens. Environmental variables and individual qualities likewise assume a fundamental job in the cultural assimilation process and in the association among cultural assimilation and customer conduct. Cultural assimilation and Consumer Behavior One focal approach to separate between individuals from a subculture is to think how much they keep a feeling of relating to their nation of origin versus their host nation. â€Å"Acculturation alludes to the procedure of progress and change to one countrys social condition by a person from another country† (Blackwell, Miniard and Engel, 2007). The idea of this change procedure is influenced by numerous angles. Individual contrasts, for example, regardless of whether the individual communicates in the host nation language. The people contacts with cultural assimilation causes individuals and foundations that teach the methods of a culture are additionally critical. A portion of these operators are joined with the way of life of starting point (in Sevgis case, Turkey). These elements incorporate family, companions, the mosque, nearby organizations and Turkish-language; media that keep the customer in contact with their territory of root. Different operators are connected with t he way of life of movement (for this situation, the Netherlands), and help the buyer to figure out how to steer in the new environmental factors. These include state schools and Dutch-language media. As migrants become acquainted with their new environmental factors, a few procedures come into work. Development alludes to the things engaging individuals to pull up themselves truly starting with one area and move then onto the next. Albeit numerous ethnic individuals all over Europe are second era (conceived in the nation where they live), their folks are progressively likely to have been the first to show up in the new nation. On appearance, pilgrims run over a requirement for change. This implies endeavoring to ace a lot of rules for working in the new circumstance, in the case of figuring out how to decipher an alternate cash or understanding the social implications of bizarre garments styles. This social information coordinates to a procedure of adjustment, where new utilization designs are shaped. As customers experience cultural assimilation, a few things occur. Numerous workers endure (at any rate somewhat) absorption, where they consent to items that are perceived with the standard culture. Simultaneously, there is an exertion at keeping up of practices related with the way of life of source. Settlers keep in contact with individuals in their nation, and many proceed to eat ethnic nourishments and read ethnic news-papers. Their proceeded with certifications with their home culture may cause struggle, as they abhor the strain to plunge their characters and get on new jobs. These procedures show that ethnicity is a streaming idea, and that the fringes of a subculture are constantly being reproduced (Laroche et al. 1998 as refered to in Palumbo and Teich, 2004). An ethnic pluralism point of view contends that ethnic gatherings veer from the standard in moving degrees, and that adjustment to the predominant society happens specifically. Research realities c ontend against the view that absorption basically involves losing recognizable proof with the people unique ethnic gathering. For instance, Sevgi feels unwinding in passing on her ‘Turkishness in an assortment of utilization related ways: the magazines she purchases, the TV programs on the Turkish system she wishes to watch, her choice of ethnically reasonable presents for occasions, for example, weddings and bayram(religious holidays).ã‚â Otherwise, she has no issues at all in conveying utilization practices of the standard culture she adores eating drop (Dutch liquorice), purchases ‘Western music and has her preferred apparel for going out to the theater and clubs. The analysts contend that the best pointer of ethnic osmosis is the extension to which individuals from an ethnic gathering have social trades with individuals from different gatherings in correlation with their own. A shoppers lifestyle alludes to the manners in which the individual in question chooses to invest energy and cash and how their qualities, perspectives and tastes are duplicated by spending decisions. Way of life inquire about is useful to follow cultural utilization inclinations and furthermore to put explicit items and administrations to various sections.ã‚â Marketers portion by way of life differentiations, frequently by gathering shoppers as far as their AIOs (exercises, premiums and suppositions). Psychographic strategies attempt to order customers as far as mental, emotional factors notwithstanding noticeable highlights (socioeconomics). An assortment of frameworks, for example, RISC, have been created to recognize purchaser kind and to recognize them as far as their image or item enjoying, media utilization, recreation time habits, and perspectives towards such wide topicsã‚â as legislative issues and religion. Interconnected arrangements of items and exercises are related with open jobs to frame utilization gathering. Individuals much of the time buy an item or administration since it is related with a gathering which, thusly, is connected to a way of life they find alluring. Where one originates from is regularly a noteworthy determinant of way of life. Numerous advertisers distinguish national or territorial assorted variety in item inclinations, and create various versions of their items for various markets. Since a customers culture activities such a gigantic impact on their way of life decisions, advertisers must learn however much as could be expected about contrasts in social guidelines and inclinations when promoting in more than one country. One significant issue is the level to which advertising methodologies must be redone to each culture, as opposed to normalized across societies. A lot of strategies called geo-demography researches utilization models utilizing geo-graphical an d segment information, and distinguishes bundle of buyers who display comparable psychographic qualities. Purchasers relate to numerous gatherings that offer general characteristics and personalities. These enormous gatherings that live inside a general public are called subcultures, and enrollment in them frequently

Friday, August 21, 2020

Philosophical Quotes on Violence

Philosophical Quotes on Violence What is brutality? What's more, in like manner, by what means ought to peacefulness be comprehended? While I have composed various articles on these and related subjects, it is valuable to take a gander at how logicians have combined their perspectives on savagery. Here is a determination of statements, sifted through into themes. Voices on Violence Frantz Fanon: Violence is man re-making himself.George Orwell: We rest safe in our beds since unpleasant men stand prepared in the night to visit savagery on the individuals who might do us harm.Thomas Hobbes: in any case, I put for a general tendency of all humanity a never-ending and anxious want of a great many forces, that ceaseth just in death. What's more, the reason for this isn't generally that a man seeks after a more concentrated pleasure than he has just accomplished, or that he can't be content with a moderate force, but since he can't guarantee the force and intends to live well, which he hath present, without the obtaining of more.Niccolà ² Machiavelli: Upon this, one needs to comment that men should either to be very much treated or squashed, on the grounds that they can retaliate for themselves of lighter wounds, of increasingly genuine ones they can't; accordingly the injury that will be done to a man should be of such a sort, that one doesn't remain in dread of rev enge.Niccolà ² Machiavelli: I state that each ruler must want to be viewed as kind and not brutal. He should, be that as it may, take care not to abuse this leniency. [†¦] A sovereign, consequently, must wouldn't fret bringing about the charge of brutality to keep his subjects joined together and sure; for, with a not many models, he will be more benevolent than the individuals who, from overabundance of delicacy, permit issue to emerge, from whence spring murders and rapine; for these generally speaking harm the entire network, while the executions did by the ruler harm just a single individual [†¦] From this emerges the inquiry whether it is smarter to be cherished more than dreaded, or dreaded more than adored. The answer is, that one should be both dreaded and adored, yet as it is hard for the two to go together, it is a lot more secure to be dreaded than cherished, on the off chance that one of the two must be needing. Against Violence Martin Luther Kind Jr.: a definitive shortcoming of savagery is that it is a dropping winding, siring the very thing it tries to wreck. Rather than reducing malicious, it increases it. Through savagery you may kill the liar, yet you can't kill the falsehood, nor build up reality. Through viciousness you may kill the hater, yet you don't kill detest. Actually, savagery simply expands loathe. So it goes. Returning savagery for brutality increases viciousness, adding further obscurity to a night effectively without stars. Dimness can't drive out obscurity: no one but light can do that. Loathe can't drive out abhor: no one but love can do that.Albert Einstein: Heroism by request, silly brutality, and all the pestilent hogwash that passes by the name of nationalism how I detest them! War appears to me a mean, vile thing: I would prefer to be hacked in pieces than partake in such an accursed business.Fenner Brockway: I had since a long time ago put on one side the idealist radical view tha t one ought to have nothing to do with a social upset if any savagery were included... All things considered, the conviction stayed in my psyche that any insurgency would neglect to build up opportunity and organization with respect to its utilization of viciousness, that the utilization of savagery definitely got its train mastery, suppression, pitilessness. Isaac Asimov: Violence is the last shelter of the bumbling.

Three Examples of Excellent College Essay Samples

Three Examples of Excellent College Essay SamplesWhen you are applying for a college essay writing opportunity, it is very important to research several excellent college essay samples before making your final decision. This article will provide a variety of different sample essays from which you can choose.The first college essay sample I will be using in this article is an essay about the college by Matthew Young entitled 'My Life Story'. This is a good example of a college essay, because it talks about your life and how it has changed over the course of your life. It does talk about some of the struggles and difficulties you have faced but it also discusses what you have been able to accomplish along the way.The second essay sample I will be using in this article is also from College Essay Examples. This essay discusses the importance of having a plan when one is faced with difficulty. It also talks about the importance of setting goals and making sure that you are always on track . The author, Jennifer, discusses the benefits of having goals and being able to work towards them successfully.The third essay samples I will be using in this article is also from College Essay Examples. This essay is very similar to the last example but it also contains some information about the author's success. The writer of the essay, Roger, discusses the benefits of his success and the difficulties he faced in the process.The fourth example I will be using in this article is the same as the third example but is also from College Essay Examples. This essay is an essay about overcoming obstacles and working with a mentor. It talks about how the author was able to overcome obstacles and keep on moving forward after he was pushed to the limit.The fifth example I will be using in this article is another essay example that is from College Essay Examples. This essay is about the importance of recognizing opportunities and then taking action. It discusses how the author overcame his fear of speaking in public.The last essay samples I will be using in this article is the same essay from College Essay Examples that is also included in the third example from College Essay Examples. This essay discusses the importance of living each day to the fullest. It also discusses the benefits of working on a daily basis.These five examples show that there are plenty of college essay samples available. Choosing one or two from the samples will not be enough to make a decision as to which one to use. However, it is important to research a variety of different examples and choose the one that speaks to you most.

Sunday, June 28, 2020

Friendship Analysis Coursework - 1925 Words

Friendship Analysis (Coursework Sample) Content: Friendship AnalysisNameInstitutionDateRole of Communication in RelationshipsIntroductionIn life, there are four basic types of relationships. These include family, friendship, professional, and romantic relationships. These relationships are intertwined and tend to grow into and from each other overtime. In other words, a professional relationship can grow into a friendly relationship or a friendly relationship into a romantic relationship. Although there are no any set standards for friendship, people from different cultures hold some ideas about what a health relationship/friendship should entail and what should happen between partners (Block, 2001). This paper explores the various dimensions of close relationship and describes one of the guidelines of building a strong friendship.Dimensions of close relationships1. Willingness to investOne of the key aspects of friendships and romantic relationships is investment. For relationships to work effectively, it is impera tive that we invest time, energy, feeling and thoughts. One way of investing in friendships is through appreciation. Many people tend to take appreciation for granted especially after knowing a person for a long time. Appreciation acts as a compliment to a service or gift received from a friend, and it motivates friends to offer assistance repeatedly whenever needed to do so. It also helps to maintain a healthy relationship. In addition, one can invest in friendship by doing some nice things like getting them a card or gift for their birthdays (Wood Schweitzer, 2010; Oberg, 2003).This particular dimension has greatly helped me to nurture my friendships. For instance, by allocating enough time for my friends, I have been able to keep health and strong friendships. This is because most of my friends appreciate the fact that I always have time to listen and offer relevant advice to them. In addition, my relationship has been health and long lasting because I always send gifts to my pa rtner.2. Emotional closenessCloseness is an important aspect in relationships. For instance, if closeness is embraced in romantic relationships, marriages do no longer feel like a chore but like a wonderful blessing, that one can ever experience. When one is in a relationship and feels emotionally close to his/her partner, it becomes easier to meet their needs and express love the way they need to be loved. This is because with closeness one does everything required for a healthy relationship not because he/she should do it but because they want to do it (Oberg, 2003). Emotional intimacy grows out of investments such as sacrifice to do anything for a partner, sharing experiences, time, and honesty. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Intimacyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ entails feelings of connection, closeness and tenderness. It assists in holding partners together when a relationship goes sour.Closeness has been playing an integral part in my relationship. Through doing various activities for each other in the relatio nship, we have been able to create more love than ever before. By being close to one another, we have been able to know each otherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s shortcomings and as a result, we do not encounter any disagreements. In addition, our closeness has enabled us to be honest and open to each other on all issues posing challenges on our lives.3). TrustTrust entails a firm belief in the truth, ability, reliability, or strength of a person. It is an essential component in ensuring long lasting relationship. However, it is an obvious thing to find that everyone has a person he/she considers untrustworthy. Earning a personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s interest entails proving to them consistently that you are worthy it. Trust can also be re-earned in the same way but it normally takes longer time. Therefore, it is important to maintain a personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s trust for the costs of re-earning it are steep (Wood Schweitzer, 2010). Lack of trust in a relationship deprives its healthy and happiness. In real life, no r elationship can exist without trust. In addition, trust in relationships is a two-way traffic; every partner must behave in an ethical manner, and deal truthfully.In my relationship, I have always been sharing my feelings and expectations, with my partner simply because trust prevails in the relationship. Trust has also enabled us to endure some hardships in the relationship because we do not exercise the blame game, which is predominant in many relationships.4). AcceptanceAcceptance is one of the common things expected from friends or lovers. Although every person has his/her shortcomings, we expect our friends and lovers to accept us in spite of them. People normally hide their feelings and put on a nice look, when they come across people they do not know well, in order to impress them. This is not the case with friends, as people present their feelings to their friends openly with an expectation that they will be accepted. To maintain a strong relationship, it is imperative that we understand each otherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s weaknesses. By understanding our friendsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ weaknesses, it is possible to avoid unnecessary disagreements that can lead to broken relationships.This particular dimension has been of great help in my relationship for the last five years. The moment I studied my partnerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s weaknesses and embraced them, we did not have any unusual disagreements in our relationship again. I also came to understand that I have my own shortcomings; it is only that my friends accept me regardless of them.5). SupportWhen a person is in stress or experiencing a challenge in life, he/she expects a friend to lend a hand. In addition, when a person is out of home for work or college, friends become the only people to turn to for assistance and comfort. There are many ways that can be adopted to show support to a friend. For instance, when a friend encounters a certain problem, it is important to first listen to them then respond with encouraging words, and d ifferent ways to evade the problem. By listening, friends feel that they are not alone and as a result, they are comforted to some extent (Wood Schweitzer, 2010). Another way of showing support to a friend is by learning on how to accept them even if they hurt us. Through showing acceptance despite their mistakes, one expresses support and at the same time validates their worthy. In addition, one can show support to a friend by always being available when they are need. The company alone can help a person to ease his/her unhappiness.Support has made my relationship to be strong and a happier one. We provide both moral and financial support to each other whenever needed to do so. Through support, we have been able to maneuver different obstacles in life that one cannot outdo without another personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s assistance. I have also helped many of my friends to mend their broken relationships. By doing this, I have come to realize that if only people could learn how to support each other in times of need; cases of broken hearts, stress, and despair can rarely be experienced in life.6). PassionThis dimension of close relationships is predominantly found in serious romantic relationships. Passion can be described as having intensely positive feelings or desires for another person. Apart from erotic feelings, passion can involve spiritual, emotional or intellectual attraction. Although many people think that passion is the only key to a long-lasting romantic relationship, research has revealed that it is less central than commitment and intimacy. Passion only differentiates romance from other relationships but it does not play a big part in keeping a strong relationship because it wears out with time. For a lasting relationship, it is imperative for partners to embrace other more durable components of love such as commitment and intimacy (Wood Schweitzer, 2010; Oberg, 2003).At first, I thought all what it takes for a lasting relationship is passion. It did not t ake long before I started having problems in my relationship, because it reached a point I could not have any passion for my partner. I then sought for advice, only to be told that the foundation of a long-lasting relationship is not passion for it comes and goes unknowingly. I was then obliged to adopt other more durable components of love such as commitment, sacrifice, and intimacy. Despite this, I did not put passion aside because of its durability but I have always embraced it because it spices up love.7). CommitmentCommitment is the second dimension of romantic relationship after passion. Commitment can be defined as everything done to make a relationship strong, healthy, and long lasting. Times when people stayed in empty relationship with sole aim of satisfying their basic needs is long gone. Sincere commitment in a relationship helps a person to be resilient during the down times/disappointments, and helps a person to stick into a relationship despite the hard times while at the same time respecting each otherà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s freedom and individuality. In order to ensure sincere commitment in a relationship, one has to be absolutely honest and tolerant. Commitment also requires a person to adhere to his/her responsibilities (Wood Schweitzer, 2010). Some of the responsibilities a person can do to show commitment in relationship are investing continuously in it and making oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s relationship a priority before anything else.Commitment has helped me to build a strong foundation for my relationship. Through commitment, I have been able to learn how to tolerate my partnerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s mistakes, as I have set specific plans for ensuring the relationship keeps on going irrespective of the many challenges in life. Commitment has brought forth honest and trust in my relationship (Acevedo Aron, 2009).Guideline for a strong relationshipCommunicatin...

Monday, May 25, 2020

The Last Supper - 2048 Words

The Last Supper – Research Essay The Last Supper is a religious scene in the Catholic bible, which tells the story of the last meal the night before the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. An important role in its religion, the Last Supper scene has been recreated by artists many times. These visual interpretations of the event generally show Jesus, surrounded by his disciples. During the meal, Jesus breaks the bread and serves the wine accompanied with the command â€Å"Take this all of you and eat it†¦ this is my body†¦ do this in remembrance of me†. Three artists who have produced paintings of the Last Supper include Leonardo DaVinci, Jacopo Tintoretto and Salvador Dali. Each of these artists interpreted the religious event and recreated it in terms†¦show more content†¦In contrast to the physical reaction of the disciples, Jesus is calm with a peaceful equilibrium and a dignified strength. He sits with his palms upturned to form a triangle with his arms and head, which again refers to the numb er three symbolising the Holy Trinity. By choosing this part of the story; he also chooses to leave out the bread and the wine normally sitting on the table in visuals of the Last Supper. Leonardo’s version is also the first to have Judas sitting on the same side of the table as Jesus. Judas is identifiable by the symbols employed by Leonardo, such as the money bag clutched tightly in Judas’ hand and the difference in his gesture and facial expression to the other disciples. Although this painting breaks conventions, the realism used by Leonardo helped the paintings function of conveying a â€Å"true† story to its audience to inspire them to be more faithful. Perceptions of this artwork will have changed over time, as today’s audience is far less religious and would therefore be more likely to see ‘The Last Supper’ as an aesthetic piece of artwork rather than a narrative of a biblical story or connection to God. After the ride and fall of High Renaissance came the style known as Mannerism. This style involved developing artist individual style, artificial, aesthetically fantastic images and breaking away from tradition including Renaissance. Mannerism was inspired by theShow MoreRelatedThe Last Supper By Sebastiano Ricci1234 Words   |  5 Pagesbring the joy. Fun in life or silence for the soul. In other words, painting is a language that communicates an artist s ideas and emotions based on the artist s painting techniques. The Last Supper by Sebastiano Ricci, an Italian artist, illustrates the biblical moment where Jesus and his disciples reunite for last time. Above all, the art’s balanced symmetry, composition, colors, and sharpness enhances the symbolic meaning of Ricci’s art work. Symmetry are often used in painting, although sometimesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Art Piece Name Yo Mama s Last Supper By Cox962 Words   |  4 PagesIn this essay I am going to conduct an â€Å"Australian Bushman† approach to analyze the art piece name Yo Mama’s Last Supper by Cox. Later on in the essay, I will include contextualization of the analysis. This art piece portrays a darker colored woman in the middle with twelve men sitting at the table, six men on each side. She is not wearing any sort of garments except for a simple white cloth around her spread out arms. All men are divided into three-men group based upon similar actions. The man immediateRead MoreThe Last Supper638 Words   |  3 PagesThe Last Supper, by Leonardo da Vinci, is one of the most famous works of art in the world. This painting represents the religious ceremony with Jesus Christ and his 12 disciples. This is the last meal that was shared between him and his disciples before his arrest and his untimely crucifixion. Leonardo was commissioned to execute the painting in the Dominican monastery of this Church by Duke of Milan, Ludovico Sforza. Leonardo da Vinci was an artist, scientist, architect, author, engineer, inventorRead MoreWhat is The Eucharist?1467 Words   |  6 PagesPassover. The symbolism of both rituals is deeply entwined; we remember, give t hanks, worship, and renew our covenant with God. Jesus instituted the Eucharist at the Last Supper. Although scholars are uncertain as to whether the Last Supper was the Passover meal, it â€Å"took place in the atmosphere of the Passover† . The Last Supper added a new dimension to the Jewish ritual meal, â€Å"in terms of what (or better who) was celebrated† . Jesus asked the disciples to â€Å"do this in memory of me† (1 Cor 11:24Read MoreThroughout The Bible, Jesus Is Known For Eating With The1458 Words   |  6 PagesJesus created a connection with the marginalized groups and spread the word of God. The last supper was the last meal that Jesus shared with his disciples before his crucifixion. In my essay, I will discuss the painting The Sacrament of the Last Supper by Salvador Dalà ­. I will discuss how the painting shows the divinity of Jesus, displays Jesus, and interprets the last supper. The Sacrament of the Last Supper by Salvador Dali is a large painting in the National Gallery of Art. In the painting thereRead MoreAssemblage Art And The Arts At Ohio State University968 Words   |  4 PagesMichael Smooke Collection, its name is The Last Supper. Though I didn’t learn about assemblage, I was exposed to the relevance of one of the most historically significant paintings by Leonardo da Vinci, The Last Supper. This late 15th-century painting is a religion icon and depicts Jesus Christ and his 12 disciples at their last supper before Jesus was sent off to get crucified. I believe the piece of art I analyzed was clearly inspired by Leonardo’s The Last Supper due to the same name and key similaritiesRead MoreThe Prayer Of An Ecumenical Worship1634 Words   |  7 Pagesin today’s context the bread and the wine are a way of honoring the sacrifice upon the cross. The gap between the human life experience from the Last Supper to a Communion is difficult to bridge. Some believe that the bread and wine are a literal representation of Christ’s body. Others partake of Communion as a way to recreate a version of the Last Supper. Not to say that is a wrong way of interpreting the bible, but that the practice fai ls to understand the historical-critical perspective of whatRead More The Last Supper Essay910 Words   |  4 PagesThe Last Supper The Last Supper was a very powerful Biblical event, in which Jesus and his disciples gathered for one final dinner together. According to the Bible, important events took place during the Last Supper, including an announcement by Jesus that one of his disciples would betray him and the first communion. To artists in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, it was necessary to give proper deference to such notable occurrences. Both Leonardo da Vinci and JacopoRead MoreRenaissance : The Last Supper1418 Words   |  6 Pagesthe forefront of the Renaissance and change in the European society. Leonardo Da Vinci, also named Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci, was one of the most famous of these Artists at this time, composing multiple pieces of art such as â€Å"The Last Supper.† â€Å"The Last Supper† by Leonardo Da Vinci is one of the most reproduced, fascinating, and elegant paintings from the Renaissance. The original is 15 by 29 feet large, but multiple reproductions have smaller dimensions to be more compatible for spaces in museumsRead MoreEssay about Inductive Bible Study Assignments for Submission #14602 Words   |  19 PagesCorinthians 11:23-26 1 Corinthians 11:23-26 7. Write a summary statement of the passage you listed in #6: This passage reminds the reader of the night of the Last Supper. It recalls how Jesus took and broke bread and called it His body, and His blood the wine. This passage reminds the reader of the night of the Last Supper. It recalls how Jesus took and broke bread and called it His body, and His blood the wine. 8. What is the textual unit (i.e., Scripture passage) after to 1 Corinthians

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

How to Jailbreak a Iphone - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 405 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/09/14 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? To jail break an iPhone 3g you will need iTunes and access to the internet. The first thing you will need to do is back up everything on your iPhone 3g using iTunes. There are many different ways to jail break. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "How to Jailbreak a Iphone" essay for you Create order Once you’ll backed up your iPhone 3g you have to restore it. To restore it hold the shift key and click the â€Å"Restore† button. iTunes will launch a file dialog for you to select the firmware file. You will need to download the newest firmware (ios 4. 0. 1). Once your iPhone 3g is updated to firmware 4. 0. , you are ready to use the QuickPwn tool to jailbreak it. Open the QuickPwn app to start jail breaking your iPhone 3g. Make sure your iPhone 3g is still pluged into the computer. QuickPwn should detect the iPhone 3g and enable the blue arrow button. Click the arrow. On the next screen you should see a browse button. Click the browse button and select the 4. 0. 1 firmware. The app will check the firmware and enable the blue arrow button. Click the arrow. On the next screen you will be asked if you want to install Cydia, Installer and if you want to replace boot logos. Check Cydia. Doing that it will enable the blue arrow button. Click the arrow. Now the app will tell you to make sure your iPhone 3g is plugged into the computer. Now you want to click the blue arrow button and the app will put your phone into recovery mode. Now the app will tell you to hold the Home button for 5 seconds. Then hold the home and power buttons for 10 seconds. Now release the Power button and continuing holding the home button until your iPhone is in DFU mode. Once you have done that the jail breaking will start. Will it is done restart your Iphone 3g and you will have a jail broken Iphone 3g. You will have Cydia on your have screen. Click on the Cydia icon and wait for everything to load. Now click the manage button and the botton of the screen, then click sources then edit and add. Enter https://repo666. ultrasn0w. com/ then click add source. When it its finish click return to Cydia. Now click the https://repo666. ultrasn0w. com/ source, then click ultrasn0w and install it. When is done installing restart your iPhone 3g and you phone will be jail broken and unlocked.

Friday, May 15, 2020

State of Matter Definition - Chemistry Glossary

Physics and chemistry both study matter, energy, and interactions between them. From the laws of thermodynamics, scientists know matter can change states and the sum of the matter and energy of a system is constant. When energy is added or removed to matter, it changes state to form a state of matter. A state of matter is defined as one of the ways in which matter can interact with itself to form a homogeneous phase. State of Matter vs Phase of Matter The phrases state of matter and phase of matter are used interchangeably. For the most part, this is fine. Technically a system can contain several phases of the same state of matter. For example, a bar of steel (a solid) may contain ferrite, cementite, and austenite. A mixture of oil and vinegar (a liquid) contains two separate liquid phases. States of Matter In everyday life, four phases of matter exist: solids, liquids, gases, and plasma. However, several other states of matter have been discovered. Some of these other states occur at the boundary between two states of matter where a substance doesnt really display the properties of either state. Others are most exotic. This is a list of some states of matter and their properties: Solid: A solid has a defined shape and volume. Particles within a solid are packed very close together fixed in an ordered arrangement. The arrangement may be sufficiently ordered to form a crystal (e.g., NaCl or table salt crystal, quartz) or the arrangement may be disordered or amorphous (e.g., wax, cotton, window glass). Liquid: A liquid has a defined volume but lacks a defined shape. Particles within a liquid are not packed as close together as in a solid, allowing them to slide against each other. Examples of liquids include water, oil, and alcohol. Gas: A gas lacks either a defined shape or volume. Gas particles are widely separated. Examples of gases include air and the helium in a balloon. Plasma: Like a gas, a plasma lacks a defined shape or volume. However, the particles of a plasma are electrically charged and are separated by vast differences. Examples of plasma include lightning and the aurora. Glass: A glass is an amorphous solid intermediate between a crystalline lattice and a liquid. It is sometimes considered a separate state of matter because it has properties distinct from solids or liquids and because it exists in a metastable state. Superfluid: A superfluid is a second liquid state that occurs near absolute zero. Unlike a normal liquid, a superfluid has zero viscosity. Bose-Einstein Condensate: A Bose-Einstein condensate may be called the fifth state of matter. In a Bose-Einstein condensate the particles of matter stop behaving as individual entities and may be described with a single wavefunction. Fermionic Condensate: Like a Bose-Einstein condensate, particles in a fermionic condensate may be described by one uniform wavefunction. The difference is the condensate is formed by fermions. Because of the Pauli exclusion principle, fermions cant share the same quantum state, but in this case pairs of fermions behave as bosons. Dropleton: This is a quantum fog of electrons and holes that flow much like a liquid. Degenerate Matter: Degenerate matter is actually a collection of exotic states of matter that occur under extremely high pressure (e.g., within the cores of stars or massive planets like Jupiter). The term degenerate derives from the way matter can exist in two states with the same energy, making them interchangeable. Gravitational Singularity: A singularity, like at the center of a black hole, is not a state of matter. However, it bears noting because its an object formed by mass and energy that lacks matter. Phase Changes Between States of Matter Matter can change states when energy is added or removed from the system. Usually, this energy results from changes in pressure or temperature. When matter changes states it undergoes a phase transition or phase change. Sources Goodstein, D. L. (1985). States of Matter. Dover Phoenix. ISBN 978-0-486-49506-4.Murthy, G.; et al. (1997). Superfluids and Supersolids on Frustrated Two-Dimensional Lattices. Physical Review B. 55 (5): 3104. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.55.3104Sutton, A. P. (1993). Electronic Structure of Materials. Oxford Science Publications. pp. 10–12. ISBN 978-0-19-851754-2.Valigra, Lori (June 22, 2005) MIT Physicists Create New Form of Matter. MIT News.Wahab, M.A. (2005). Solid State Physics: Structure and Properties of Materials. Alpha Science. pp. 1–3. ISBN 978-1-84265-218-3.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Indian Economic History Essay - 2344 Words

ECON345 The Dragon and the Elephant: India and China in the Asian Century 1 Essay Topic No 1 â€Å"It is the context and circumstances prevalent in any nation that should determine its policies and strategies of growth† (Mahtaney, 2010, p. 159). Illustrate the truth or falsehood of this statement with reference to either India or China _____________________________________________________________________ â€Å"An ounce of practice is worth more than tons of preaching† (Mahatma Gandhi, 1946). Economic thought is an ever-adapting philosophy, which has been ‘preached’ by many differing schools of thought throughout the centuries. In this current global economic context, the majority of worldwide economic strategies and polices†¦show more content†¦For example, it is among the most industrialised nations of today which leads the world in the Information and Technology industry (IT), with their 350,000 IT and engineering graduates each year, and yet the majority of it’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is comprised from the agricultural sector where in 1991 it equated to 30% of all GDP (Rudolph, 1987, Table One, p. 5). The rural sector of India remains vital today as 70% of the total Indian population dwell in either small rural villages or farms (World Hunger and Poverty Facts, 2013). India has therefore managed to combine its impressive economic achievements, which can match that of the developed world, whilst continually facing humanitarian issues present in developing nations. This conclusion suggests that economic development does not necessarily have a correlation with human development. Until recently, a common view of development referred to rising income levels and overall economic growth of a country. However, in recent years a shift towards focusing upon humanity issues and circumstances rather than monetary concerns reflects the new definition of a nation’s development, which can be measured by the Human Development Indicator (HDI) produced by the United Nation Development Programme in 1990. Discussions on the ‘goals of development’ now involve emphasizing the reduction of poverty, rather than raising the average levels of income per capita (Anand Ravallion, 1993, p. 133).Show MoreRelatedMoney And Money For Money1240 Words   |  5 Pagesbecome accustomed to paying taxes. There are many poor Indians don’t have bank accounts and government couldn’t dispense altogether with cash. So if the people continues to hold there saving in the new notes, India may find dealing with same problem again. History of India economy can be broadly into three phases: pre-colonial, colonial, and post-colonial. Pre-Colonial lies between the India Valley Civilization to the 1700 AD time when the Indian economy was very developed because its good trade relationshipRead MoreAnalysis Of The Gilded Age1348 Words   |  6 Pagesin Gilded Age historiography because Edwards encompasses social, political, and economic history, weaving them together into a cohesive narrative. Critics mention her lack of footnotes (but are quick to point out that her extensive â€Å"for further reading† sections help to balance this) and that her emphasis on cohesion may be overstated. Edward’s thesis is that the Gilded Age was not a patently bad time in American history, but that America underwent tremendous change, ushering it into what has laidRead MoreIndustrial Relations4657 Words   |  19 Pagesmeasures were adopted during the latter half of the nineteenth century, which can be considered as the beginning of industrial relations in India. The close of the First World War gave a new twist to the labour policy, as it created certain social, economic and political conditions that raised new hopes among the people for a new social order. There was intense labour unrest because workers’ earnings did not keep pace with the rise in prices and with their aspirations. The constitutional developmentsRead MoreNat Books Essay1170 Words   |  5 Pagessubjects: History, Geography, Economics, Political Science, Sociology, Fine Arts, and Science. NCERT Books: History †¢ History: NCERT Class VI – Our Past †¢ History: NCERT Class VII – Our Past -I †¢ History: NCERT Class VIII – Our Past II and III †¢ History: NCERT Class IX – India and the Contemporary World – I †¢ History: NCERT Class IX – India and the Contemporary World – II †¢ History: NCERT Class X – Themes In World History †¢ History: NCERT Class XII – Themes In Indian History – I †¢ History: NCERTRead MoreFirst Phase of Foundation of Indian National Congress1480 Words   |  6 PagesFoundation of Indian National Congress First phase of Foundation of Indian National Congress - Inform ative researched article on First phase of Foundation of Indian National Congress Sign in | Register Now History of India Art Culture | Entertainment | Health | Reference | Sports | Society | Travel in Articles Go Forum | Free E-magazine | RSS Feeds History of India : Sources of History of India | Ancient History of India | Medieval History of India | Modern History of IndiaRead MoreEssay about Cronon Review1262 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Cronon’s Changes in the Land has been lauded by historians. The book, Cronon’s first, received the Francis Parkman Prize for the best new book in American history in 1984. Cronon’s objective in the book is to assess the changes in New England’s ecosystems and the degree to which these changes result from the relationship between Indians and colonists and changes in the dominant modes of production. He argues that the transition to European agriculture, and the unsustainable extraction and commodificationRead More Douglas Monroys Thrown Among Strangers: The Making of Mexican Culture in Frontier California1460 Words   |  6 PagesThrown Among Strangers: The Making of Mexican Culture in Frontier California When Spaniards colonized California, they invaded the native Indians with foreign worldviews, weapons, and diseases. The distinct regional culture that resulted from this union in turn found itself invaded by Anglo-Americans with their peculiar social, legal, and economic ideals. Claiming that differences among these cultures could not be reconciled, Douglas Monroy traces the historical interaction among them inRead MoreEffects Of Imperialism On The Indian Economy1449 Words   |  6 PagesEffects of Imperialism to the Indian Economy In 2015 India was ranked among the highest countries globally in consumer confidence, this comes after the International Monetary Fund estimated an economic growth of up to 7% annually for the next decade in India. But this hasn t always been the case, in fact, it wasn t so long ago that India was simply another colonized nation around the world, not to mention it s usually rare to see this kind of economic growth in such a small periodRead MoreAndrew Jackson s Controversial Policy1449 Words   |  6 PagesAndrew Jackson’s decision to remove the Cherokee Indians is still a controversial policy debated by historians today. This policy was important because it represented a significant turning point in United States history. The Jackson administration’s decision to remove the Cherokee Indians to lands west of the Mississippi River in the 1830’s significantly changed the political policy pursued by the United States but continued the social and ec onomic policies. The Jackson administration changed U.SRead MoreThe Imperialism Of India By George Marshall1739 Words   |  7 Pagesterritories to further colonize. Soon after the East India Company expanded into the region the once friendly Indian people began to revolt against the company s further expansion and growth in India. In an excerpt from the educational textbook World History: The Modern Era in the section discussing â€Å"British India (overview)† claims, â€Å"The British Parliament was concerned by conflicts in the Indian region and the corruption of the East India Company. The government passed the India Regulating Act (1773)

Cultural Diversity in New York Essay - 1646 Words

The United States as a whole is seen as the land of opportunity. New York is a major central for diversity and because of that many people from different cultural atmospheres have brought their families and dreams to New York City. Although Immigration patters throughout the last 200 years have varied, New York has consistently seen people from around the world move to the city and call it home. From the earliest points in our history as a nation, New York has been a center for trade and economic growth. New York is known world wide as a cultural melting pot. While other states have had immigration surges, none have compared to the diversity and sheer number of immigrants that have made their way to the City. This paper will focus on†¦show more content†¦Although Immigration is a complex topic with many different factors, the most common reason for immigration is poverty and the hopes of building a new future elsewhere. In the past migration was largely caused by the fore-me ntioned issue of poverty, social strife, war, or other political conflicts. As of today these things are still issues and in some cases political asylum does play part in immigration decisions. Globalization is defined as the tendency for business, technologies, or philosophies to spread throughout the world. Globalization is also a major factor in the decisions made before immigration, often times families and friends will eventually re-unite in one region in order to remain together. Living in a more technical world with an advanced society has brought us to the point we are at today, a nearly global community with more in common than in any century before. With the beginning of modern technology in the 1900’s came a more closely knit world, with more communication than what was seen in the past. Globalization has brought the world as a whole much closer together, because of the impacts of globalization, immigration has also become more common. With a greater understanding of global ideals and cultural philosophies, people have become more comfortable moving to a new country and beginning a new life. Within 30 years of the passing of theShow MoreRelatedPostmodern Graphic Designer: Paula Scher1528 Words   |  7 Pageseclecticism, ornamentation, kitsch, wit, and irony - which most typified the diversity of contemporary culture in a pluralist society. During the modernist era, designers hoped to reveal the fundamentals of art. Woodhams Twentieth Century Design puts forward that the modernists saw themselves as the creators of a machine age aesthetic truly redolent of the twentieth century which, freed from the shackles of historicism, explored new forms and materials that were felt to be symbolically, if not actuallyRead MoreWhat Is A Cultural Policy?865 Words   |  4 PagesWhat is a cultural policy? Cultural policy is described by Caron Atlas as â€Å"policy is connected to all major issues of our society: economic stratification, race relations, international relations, technology, education, and community development. (Atlas) Cultural policy is the area of public policy-making that governs activities related to the arts and culture. For example: Take a look at Hamilton, Ontario they have art, heritage, dance and music. What makes Hamilton standout is festival andRead MoreThe History of Multicultural Education Essay1333 Words   |  6 PagesDuring the late 1960’s, America had entered into a period of cultural definition especially with the emergence of the Civil Rights Movement. Although the term â€Å"multicultural education† had not come into play yet, the idea that the U.S needed to reexamine their efforts of educating diverse groups was emerging. During this time inequality especially among minority groups in comparison to the white dominant culture became a social issue (Banks 1999). Before the arrival of this reform multicultural educationRead MoreIs Diversity an Issue Within Law Enforcement From the Past to Present?1211 Words   |  5 PagesThe term diversity refers to the condition of being diverse; thus, â€Å"composed of distinct forms or qualities† (The Merriam-Webster Dictiona ry, 2004). Looking back at the history of the U.S., there has always been a diverse population in many jurisdictions. But did policy agency workforces mirror this diversity of the communities they served? When in the past the issue of diversity within law enforcement was at stake, where the same measures used today the same as the in the past? The U.S’s lawRead MoreDiversity Audit1613 Words   |  7 PagesDIVERSITY AUDIT Diversity Audit at Starbucks Starbucks Corporation is a multinational company based in United States. It was founded in the year 1971 and is headquartered at Seattle, Washington. Starbucks is engaged in the business of selling coffee, coffee beans and different types of bakery products all over the world. The company also has a division known as Starbucks Entertainment division which is utilized for marketing films, music and books (Yahoo Finance, 2012). The coffeehouses ownedRead MorePersonal Statement : Cultural Diversity826 Words   |  4 PagesPersonal Statement: Cultural Diversity in Nursing Practice I was born in 1978 in the Southeast of China. I grew and received a formal education in China before I immigrated to United States. My nursing relationship began after my older daughter was born prematurely. During the three months of hospitalization, I learned how to take care of my older daughter from nurses in NICU and saw other Chinese parents seeking bilingual employees in the hospital for help difficultly. Also, the experience ofRead MoreCase Study : International Human Resource Management Essay1448 Words   |  6 Pagesworkforce diversity and labor relations, public infrastructure, health and lifestyle. National culture Multinational companies consider the culture is an important factor because they send employees to overseas companies to control and supervise the subsidiaries. It is one of the abilities to adjust the overseas culture. This adjustment will affect their assignments although it affects the organization. (strubler et al., 2011, p10). The employees of Padi-cepat should be aware about the cultural differencesRead MoreEdp Task 21089 Words   |  5 Pagestragedies unfold in schools across the country and as made evident by the necessity of our bullying policy, the issues of ignorance and intolerance are also alive and well here at home. This is why we must address issues surrounding cultural diversity. Cultural diversity is simply the blending of different cultures – people with different backgrounds, routines, looks, beliefs, styles of dress all coming together to form a community. The challenge is do we continue to stick our head in the sand andRead MoreImplementing Multicultu ral Education Essay1113 Words   |  5 Pagesit needs to apply to the students in the classroom. It is also relatively new and until schools start to implement it, it will remain ambiguous. Another view from critics is that multicultural education is considered as â€Å"separatist or divisive† (Landsman 69). Landsman states that â€Å"an important goal of U.S education should be to forge a common nation and destiny from the tremendous ethnic, cultural, and language diversity (69). The view that multicultural education is separatists stems from theRead MoreCultural Diversity And Cultural Competency1654 Words   |  7 Pages Cultural diversity has different meaning to each and every one. Some of us considering cultural diversity to be acquired where for the others it’s a skill that they have to learn. It’s very important that the health care providers are knowledgeable and sensitive to cultural differences because they are the ones to deal with the patients of different background on a daily basis. Being cultural savvy will help them to give the best patient care. For that reason, health care workers must be especially

NYC POLICE BRUTALITY Essay Example For Students

NYC POLICE BRUTALITY Essay Civil rights advocates in the city note, however, that there has been a cost to the new strategy, revealed by steady citizen complaints against more aggressive NYPD officers during the past several years and continuing impunity for many officers who commit human rights violations despite the recent reorganization of both the civilian review board and the police departments internal affairs bureau. In August 1997, after the alleged torture of Haitian immigrant Abner Louima by police officers made national headlines and outraged city residents, the anti-crime record of the mayor and police department was tarnished. In uncharacteristic fashion, Mayor Rudolph Giuliani and Police Commissioner Howard Safir condemned the officers implicated in the incident as well as those who reportedly did nothing to stop it or report it. In the citys Civilian Complaint Review Boards (CCRB) semiannual report for the first half of 1997, African-Americans and Latinos filed 78 percent of complaints against t he police. The police force is 68 percent white. During the independent CCRBs first three-and-a-half years, only 1 percent of all cases disposed of led to the disciplining of a police officer, and out of 18,336 complaints, there have been just one dismissal of an officer stemming from a CCRB-substantiated case. If the studies by civil rights groups and the Mollen Commission are any indication, officers who commit abuses are not being dealt with adequately. In that incident, after protesters allegedly threw items at mounted police officers attempting to clear the park, police reacted by beating anyone nearby with their nightsticks, including uninvolved restaurant patrons and business owners. In the end, administrative charges were presented in seventeen cases, with officers disciplined in thirteen of them. Officers primarily from the 30th, 9th, 46th, 75th and 73rd precincts were caught selling drugs and beating suspects. Concluded Cawley, They residents hate the police. Youd hate the police too if you lived there. What emerged was a picture of how everyday brutality corrupted relations among police officers and city residents. Officer Michael Dowd testified, Brutality is a form of acceptance. Its the other officers begin to accept you more. In reaction to the Mollen Commission report, then-Police Commissioner William Bratton stated that if officers behaved properly, he would back them absolutely, but if they used unnecessary force, all bets are off. The police unions continue to oppose stricter disciplinary measures and the commissions call for changes in the police unions response to allegations of corruption and brutality, such as emphasizing integrity, reportedly have not been heeded. There is often a racial or ethnic component to police abuse cases in New York City, with many incidents also fueled by language barriers and miscommunication in the diverse city. In the CCRBs January June 1997 report, African-Americans and Latinos filed more than 78 percent of complaints against the police, while 67 percent of the subject officers were white. Minority-group activists claimed that the shooting demonstrated racial bias because the white officer assumed the black officer was a criminal. In May 1997, a grand jury declined to indict the officers. When former New York Mayor David Dinkins supported an independent civilian complaint review board in September 1992, police protested violently and engaged in actions, according to a police department report, that were unruly, mean-spirited and perhaps criminal. An officers protest, sponsored by the police union, involved thousands of officers demonstrating at City Hall, blocking traffic to the Brooklyn Bridge, and shouting racial epithets; current Mayor Rudolph Giuliani participated in the protest. Some officers involved in the protests offensive acts were disciplined, and the police commissioner stated that the nature of the demonstration raised serious questions about the departments willingness and ability to police its self. As police were leaving the protest, several off-duty officers, all in civilian clothes, assaulted a man on the subway who had stepped on one of the officers feet. Six officers then reportedly beat and kicked him, and he suffered a broken jaw; several witnesses went directly to the police station to complain. In July 1993, the CCRB was reorganized and made independent from the police department. The CCRB publishes reports with statistical data on the number, type and disposition of complaints. CCRB staff report that they engage in extensive community outreach to inform residents of their .

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Odysseus One of the Greatest Epic Heroes Essay Example For Students

Odysseus One of the Greatest Epic Heroes Essay An epic encompasses many unique qualities of which are both consistent and concurrent with the authors style and manner of writing. Homers The Odyssey is a prime example of an epic with a well-developed epic hero. In this case, the hero is the epics namesake, Odysseus. Odysseus is undoubtedly the hero of this great epic; however, some have posed doubts as to whether he is deserving of such a noble and eminent title. Odysseus has the poorest fortune and throughout his journey he encounters many dangers and much evil; all of which he overcomes with bravery and wisdom. At the beginning of his journey, Odysseus finds himself stranded on the island of Ogygia with the mystical and beautiful nymph Calypso. On the island, Calypso holds Odysseus captive for many years and presents him with much temptation. She loves him possessively and wills him to stay with her and gain immortality. Odysseus knows he has a family and an entire empire awaiting him in Ithaca and resists the temptations of Calypso, much to her dismay. Zeus then sends Hermes to order Calypso to set Odysseus free. Tell to the fair0haired nymph our steadfast purpose, that hardy Odysseus shall go forth upon his homeward way, not with gods guidance nor with that of mortal man; but by himself, beset with sorrows, on a strong-built raft 46. Odysseus patience and moral strength gain him favor with Zeus and freedom from captivity. Like many epic heroes, Odysseus is not perfect. However, he does strive toward perfection. He encounters many different cultures and people along his journey. Some, like the Phaeacians, show him great hospitality. Others however make attempts on his life and the lives of his family. Through interacting with these people and the experiences they offer, Odysseus gains much knowledge of the world and of other cultures. He is able to better himself and attain wisdom that will aid him on his journey and when he returns home. By this, Odysseus shows respect and integrity, two important characteristics of an epic hero. Odysseus also restores his reputation after the suitors have ravaged his home in an attempt to destroy his good name and his family. Disguised as a lowly beggar, Odysseus enters an archery contest with the other suitors for Penelopes hand, and wins effortlessly. Then, with the help of Telemachus, Odysseus successfully kills every suitor. He is reunited with his family and is restored his kingdom. Odysseus is not only deserving of the title epic hero, he also deserves a place among the greatest heroes of all time. Odysseus proved his worth repeatedly, overcame great obstacles and won the favor of many people and gods. His honor and reputation inspire others to walk in his footsteps. Odysseus is deserving of the honorable title, `epic hero.

Monday, April 13, 2020

Why Tufts Essay Samples Can Help Students Get A High GPA

Why Tufts Essay Samples Can Help Students Get A High GPATufts University is known for providing excellent academics, good job prospects and diversity in the area of degrees and courses it offers. Tufts essay samples are a great source for writing students.The essays that Tufts essay samples provide are comprehensive in terms of instruction. In addition, it provides excellent assistance for writing one's college papers.Writing the essay can be done in a multiple-choice format. It will include essay topics and key points such as personal preference and personality. Key points that will be written on the essays are also very simple to write and easy to review.It is important to note that many of the essay samples provided by Tufts do not utilize any grammar or spelling errors. It is important that students understand and adhere to certain guidelines and standards when writing their essay. Students will find some essay samples through online sources.Tufts essay samples are especially use ful for writing students who may be unfamiliar with the areas of studies taught at Tufts. The essay samples will help to familiarize the student with some of the common activities that take place within the campus and how students get acquainted with the different departments, programs and services offered by Tufts. They will also help to introduce the writer to the area of study that is being written about in the essay.For students who do not have a lot of time to write an essay, they can benefit from the use of essay samples. It allows them to write more quickly and to learn what to include in their essays without having to worry about running out of time. Additionally, they will also get valuable information about how to structure their essays and which of the essay formats they should employ.One of the best parts about the essay samples offered by Tufts is that they provide useful tips and advice on how to use the various forms of writing. Many students find it very helpful for their college essays and writing assignments.Students who are interested in earning a high GPA at Tufts should learn how to write great essays. Essay samples provided by Tufts are very helpful to assist students with the same. The samples are written in a very short time frame and are very helpful to students who are struggling with their college essay writing assignments.

Saturday, April 11, 2020

Empowerment And Participation Essays - Human Resource Management

Empowerment And Participation Empowerment and Participation It is interesting how the word communication can change life at home and at work. When everyone is aware of what is going on around him or her, they can function better. What a concept! All of the readings I have done taught communicating is the key. We read about ridding the stigma of upper management, getting their hands dirty, understanding their position, and why it is important to the rest of the company. This chapter takes it one step further and says talk about the company finances as well. It is important for employees to understand the business in its entirety. That includes the finances of the job. All of the readings in this chapter had something to offer. I feel taking a bit from each will provide a work place of splendor. Finances include a variety of things: From hiring a new employee to purchasing a new tool to make the job easier. It is those decisions we make which can make difference of saving, spending and making money. It is these decisions that can make or break a company. The old school tells us not to share finances with anyone else in the company but those directly on top. The new school is saying that this philosophy is all wrong. If one want an employee to do the best he or she can do, and feel important, give them the company information. Let all the employees know what role they play. Allow them to make decisions that will make their job easier. As implied before, who betters know the job than the employee performing the job? The reading, Zapp! The Lightening of Empowerment suggests managers help their employees take ownership of their jobs. This requires trust, listening to the workers, and giving feedback. The novel concept here is to treat people like humans. Like any relationship, one needs these qualities to survive. If one gives positive reinforcements people tend to respect them. Employers hire people everyday with the hopes and trust they will do their job. But when people do not understand the role they really play in the company, they may not give their full effort. Hence, we have Saps, people who lack the main ingredients of relationships discussed earlier. We must let the employees know we trust them to make good positive decisions. Give them the empowerment by letting them know they are valued, and commending them on jobs well done. Open Book Management suggests we share our finances with the other employees no matter what their status, and give them a stake in the company. After all, this is a good suggestion, why work if one can't reap the benefits of their work? It also suggests that many employees are business illiterate, and if we want them to understand business we need to teach it to them. In conclusion, all of the readings I have done so far make management more then just problem solvers. They have become part of the problem. To solve their own problems managers need to be teachers, coaches, and a wealth of knowledge to be shared. Businesses need to be a team, and to this they need to share every aspect of the team. When the business succeeds all should have a share in the profit, and when it fails all are responsible. Bibliography Pierce, Jon L. John W. Newstrom. The Manager's Bookshelf. 5th ed. Prenticw Hall: 2000, 1996.129-173.

Tuesday, March 10, 2020

Internet Marketing for Automobiles essays

Internet Marketing for Automobiles essays In society today, the Internet is a fabulous tool for automobile companies to inform the public about their products. In addition, the Internet serves the consumer, allowing potential customers to research various vehicles they are considering. By bringing customers in through Internet-generated sales leads, the dealers are also able to lower their customer acquisition costs. Above all, the Internet is about the proficient distribution of information. The Internet is used to price vehicles, review cars, check for recall notices and safety standards, as well as to check what a dealer may have in his or her inventory. Within a short time, and with a small amount of effort, the car purchaser can become well informed about all aspects of his or her purchase decision (Keller, Car purchasers in today's market are a vast and varying breed of consumer. According to NFO WorldGroup, one of the leading providers of research-based marketing, car buyers can be segmented into six basic groups. "Status buyers" are those who purchase a specific type of car to show success or gain self-confidence. "Utility buyers" are those motivated to purchase a car simply for transportation. "Adventure buyers" seek freedom and adventure. "Family buyers" are those who purchase a vehicle to aid in the ease of transportation for family, as well as those who purchase a vehicle with their family in mind. "Belonging buyers" purchase cars that allow them to fit into society. Finally, "Attraction buyers" purchase vehicles that attract attention to themselves (NFO WorldGroup, 2003). Among these various types of buyers, there are also external considerations when purchasing a vehicle. While one vehicle may appeal to a certain section of the population based on economical factors, that same vehicle may not appeal to those who see the vehicle as bad for the environment, or bad for current politic...

Sunday, February 23, 2020

Supply Chain Management - Benchmarking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Supply Chain Management - Benchmarking - Essay Example Coca-Cola Amatil Company (CCA) is the largest soft drink bottler in Australia. Its headquarters is at Sydney and it supplies to a host of countries in the Asia-Pacific region. In Australia, where it has a 60 percent share of the soft drink market, Coca-Cola Amatil has eight manufacturing and more than 70 distribution sites, each with different products and distribution requirements. It requires several suppliers across many countries to supply various products that go into manufacture of its soft drinks and juices. The presentation covers the need and importance of Supply Chain Management (SCM) for the company. Purchase is the foundation of making an effective Supply Chain. A good purchase will often result in better margins. Organizations have specialist purchase departments. They are informed of the requirements and in turn they organize purchases according to previously laid down policies of the organization or company. Larger organization may have more than one purchasers or even a group of people making purchase decisions. Since there are individuals who finally make decisions their judgment, whether individually or in groups, are influenced by the environment they work in. Kohli (1989) proposed that influence is a function of personal resources or power. Every person has a demographic background that largely consists of his personal resources comprising mainly of ethics and education. His decision is influence by these. The status hierarchy determines the level of power but that can be moderated by the influence of the size, similarity and cohesiveness of the group he works in and th e risk, time and pressure of the situation. These factors when combined influence behaviour in purchase decisions. Sheth (1973) maintains that the psychological world of the decision makers affects purchasing behaviour. This will include the special

Thursday, February 6, 2020

Human Resource Management Models Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Human Resource Management Models - Essay Example The soft approach appears to be the better option considering the human ability to change and adapt, but as we will see, it cannot be used alone to manage human resources. We need to integrate approaches and find a multidisciplinary approach to dealing with people. How much of people management depends on theory and how much cannot be measured "In theory, practice and in the workplace experience, though people appear to be of central concern, the rich, warm, unpredictable face of humanity are all too clearly absent." Perhaps the most difficult question to answer is whether people are better lead or managed. Do people respond better when encouraged by a leader or when they are managed To begin with, it is necessary to understand what human resource management is and how it works. Every business runs on resources and the one resource that it cannot function without, is its staff. Human resource management is therefore about getting the most out of staff members (Human Resource Management Guide). Human resource management also, however, includes deciding which individuals are better suited to which position as well as conducting sufficient research to determine the best placement of individuals (McNamara 2008). We can now determine what has to be done with regards to human resource management, but there are two ways of going about this: we can either look at the humanistic approach or at the objective 'hard' approach. ... Two schools of thought were developed with hard and soft theories in mind: Harvard and Michigan. Harvard follows the soft model more closely while Michigan is based on the soft model. The normative model seeks to consolidate both the strategic management of the business as well as the interpretive model which is considered soft (Gill: 3). The problem here is that according to Gill (1999) "there are problems in the integration of HRM policy with business strategy and evidence indicates that HRM is more ad hoc than strategic."(Gill 1999: 3). In this case, one cannot assume that what is good for he business is necessarily good for the employee (Gill 1999: 3). The hard model would therefore focus on the employee as a resource, assuming that whatever causes the business to soar, will automatically uplift the employee (Gill 1999: 4). The intuitive problem is that humans are not controllable and they are not constant. Human's cannot be 'paid off' or compensated with more pay without regarding emotions or feelings even though this is a simple solution to a complex issue. In Gill and Meyer (2007) it was ascertained that outsourcing of certain business portions yielded dramatic results (Gill and Meyer 2007: 4). These results were not necessarily good ones, in the sense that businesses no longer had to employ people to do the jobs they could outsource, leading to job-losses and retrenchment. Despite this, there has to be an increase in individual 'soft' model relationships with employees if the employee numbers are smaller (Gill and Meyer 2007: 4-5). According to Gill and Meyer too, human resource management has to "manage the simultaneous pursu it of soft and

Wednesday, January 29, 2020

The Importance of National Belonging in the Development of Nation States Essay Example for Free

The Importance of National Belonging in the Development of Nation States Essay Prior to the late 19th Century Europe consisted of many small states that lacked a sense of unity. The sentiment stirred up in the wake of the French Revolution; the idea of a sovereign people with natural rights and equality appeared attractive to many of these nations. Around this time Europe saw the emergence of Nation States encompassing a people who had a shared history, culture, language, religion and beliefs. How important this sense of national belonging was is something we shall explore by looking at events in such places as Germany, Italy and France. We will decide whether it was patriotism or other factors such as warfare and the rise of industry which had the biggest parts to play on the European stage. Above we have just described the common factors which contribute to making a nation; find one territory with specific boundaries and borders and fill it with these people and you would in theory have made a nation state. However the idea of national belonging is not quite so black and white, nor so easy an idea to prove. Ernest Renan, a noted theologian seemed to realise that rules about having a shared language or shared religion were simply not realistic when taking into account minority communities and religious toleration. Instead Renan makes allowances that in some areas factors such as these would be contributory but actually in his words ‘A nation is therefore a vast solidarity, constituted by the feeling of sacrifice one has made in the past and of those that one is prepared to make in the future. Renan continues stating that it is ‘the clearly expressed desire to pursue a common life. ’ This swing towards nationalism was sparked in part by the cultural movement which followed the Enlightenment period and was known as Romanticism. An era when poetry, music and art were increasingly used to influence the nation, the movement supported ideas such as the importance of national pride giving precedence to ‘senses and emotion over reason and intellect. German artist Caspar David Friedrich captured this sentiment in his painting The Oak Tree in Snow which depicted a barren tree with new life springing from the roots symbolising a lost past with the promise of future new growth. This was particularly poignant as the Oak Tree was a symbol for German national sentiment. Similarly in Italy the poet Ugo Foscolo wrote ‘How thou art humiliated by foreigners who have the presumption to seek to master thee! But who can depict thee better than he who is destined to see hy beauty all his life long? ’ Foscolo’s argued that tourists could not appreciate the greatness of his country, only those who could share in its history can take possession of the pride that accompanies the honour of being Italian. These two examples are interesting because at the time of their publication no Germany or Italy as we know them today yet existed so this at least proves that in the minds of those living by Romanticism values at least thought that national sentiment was desperately important. In addition to the evidence of Romanticism championing the unification cause Germany and Italy shared some other similarities. Firstly, and perhaps most obviously we can tell from studying a ‘before and after’ map. In 1815 Italy was a collection of many smaller states some of which we know were controlled by the Austrian empire and Germany is a jigsaw of German speaking states. However by 1914 clear boundaries had been drawn and both territories are much more obviously defined. Also both countries contained several nationalist activist groups, some public, some as secret societies who all had the same aim of achieving unity but for different reasons and with variations on the end result. In Italy the strength of opinion was such that some organisations were willing to use violence such as in the case of the Carbonari group who proclaimed ‘He alone is worthy of life who loves his country’. Revolutionary group Young Italy was also key in generating public support for the Risorgimento (Resurrection) nationalists. Germany also contained these pressure groups and parties from both countries took part in the rebellions of 1848 and while both had some success, yet another similarity is that both were eventually beaten back in Italy by Austrian intervention and in Germany by the Prussian King Frederick William IV. The revolutions swept across much of Europe leaving thousands dead in the name of unification. This however does not necessarily mean that it was patriotism or an unqualified sense of national belonging that drove them. Other considerations included for businessmen policies for reviving trade, students were concerned about poor job prospects and a lack of social status and peasants wanted an end to the last vestiges remaining of the medieval feudal system. For the peasants at least it is most likely this was their sole motivation as the concept of nationalism would have meant little to them in their daily struggle to feed and clothe their families. Both Germany and Italy appeared to be committed to unification and key figures helped to bring this about. In Germany Gottfried Herder significantly influenced public opinion with his philosophical ideas about human nature. Herder placed huge importance on national language ‘Has a people anything dearer than the speech of its fathers? ’ He goes on to say that the culture of a people ‘thrives only by means of the nation’s inherited and inheritable dialect. ’ This idea is so fundamental to Herder’s beliefs that he says ‘no greater injury can be inflicted on a nation than to be robbed of her national character, the peculiarity of her spirit and her language’. Herder however gives little consequence to the political aspects and it is possible therefore that the changes which inevitably took place in Germany were not due to his romanticism based contributions but this does tell us how strongly he felt about the importance of national sentiment. In Italy it was figures such as Count Camillo di Cavour who propelled the unification forward but his motives were much different from that of Herder. Cavour conspired with Napoleon III of France against the Austrians which resulted in several territories becoming part of Sardinia where Cavour happened to be Prime Minister. Giuseppe Garibaldi was a respected military commander throughout this period of war whose notable success was motivated by his vision of a united Italy. Unification of both countries was hardly plain sailing and problems arose for various reasons. Italy perhaps suffered because the reason for the unification had been more political than sentimental. Massimo d’Azeglio, a pro nationalist is believed to have said ‘We have made Italy, now we have to make Italians. ’ The death of Camillo di Cavour regardless of his motives was described as ‘the architect of national unity’ and his death in 1861 was a definitive blow to the cause. Germany’s problems centralized around regional rivalries with people confused as to whether they first belonged to their region or their country, this was certainly the case with some Bavarians. It has commonly been supposed that all of the events leading to unification of countries such as Germany and Italy and the revolutions that shook Europe were triggered in France by the revolution of 1789-1799 as can be seen in this statement; ‘The French Revolution completed the nation which became one and indivisible’. Many in France had sought an end to an absolute monarchy and what was deemed an autocratic domination by the French government. Instead they hoped for a shift towards modernity where all men would be equal under the law and have no special privileges simply because one happened to be born aristocratic or have an elitist position in society. The end of feudalism and the ‘ancien’ (old) regime gave way to new ideas summarised once more by Ernest Renan ‘It is France’s glory to have proclaimed, through the French Revolution, that a nation exists by itself The principle of nationhood is ours’. It would be reasonable then to suppose that France had enjoyed great success in providing a patriotic example that other countries hoped to follow and yet once again we find resistance and also some contradictions. While some supported unity for political reasons such as in the case of the Leon Gambetta, a French statesman who supported republicanism, he said in a letter to the leader of the Breton armed forces in 1870 ‘I beg you to forget that you are Bretons, and to remember only that you are French. While a novelist later in 1884 remarked ‘the word patrie signifies nothing and stirs nothing. It exists no more in local speech than in local hearts. ’ It is hard to assimilate all the opinions and motivations for why the French either supported or rejected the idea of national belonging but it does seem that the more urbanised areas, under the direction of intellectuals, students and politicians for their own agendas were more in favour of being ‘Frenchmen’ than those who resided in more isolated, rural communities occupied mostly by peasant farmers who wanted peace not war. Peasant farmers in particular were to suffer greatly when we consider how the rise of industry commonly termed as the industrial revolution were to affect national feelings. While the ending of feudalism had allowed some peasantry to buy small patches of land, for others, some who were affected by the enclosure laws could find themselves as landless labourers unable to grow their food or gather fuel from common land. In Britain the Chartism movement of 1839 sought to represent all workers who found themselves in a piteous position uniting opinion against social injustice. We are bowed down under a load of taxes our traders are trembling on the verge of bankruptcy, our workmen are starving, capital brings no profit and labour no remuneration. ’ Chartists and their Parisian counter parts the Artisans identified themselves as socialists. Obviously this was a time of great economic change and awareness of class distinctions at the time of the industrial boom was growing. Karl Marx was a German radical whose notion of Socialism was closely linked to that of Communism which he and his colleague Frederick Engels was active in promoting. Marx was particularly concerned about the struggle of society with relevance to these class distinctions. He highlighted in his ‘The Communist Manifesto’ ‘The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles’ Marx states that the working class (proletariat) and the new middle class (bourgeoisie) are fighting these ‘class struggles’ over the means of production. He claims that the bourgeoisie exploits the proletariat and was motivated by ‘naked self-interest. He goes on to say however that the lower bourgeoisie class will also suffer as the higher middle class overtake them too. ‘Partly because their diminutive capital does not suffice for the scale on which modern industry is carried on their specialised skill is rendered worthless by new methods of production. ’ Marx’s conclusion being that eventually the middle classes and the working class would find themselves in much the same situation and have more in common. This therefore was the significant factor pointing towards nationalism and not the sense of national belonging or sentiment itself. Having considered the factors which were successful in bringing about unification it appears that political reasons had the greater impact. Cavour enjoyed success in Italy through negotiations which involved war and gaining new territory. Herder in Germany relied on sentimental and romanticism theories but Germany encountered difficulties in rallying the nation who were confused about their regional or national identity. Educated French sectors of society were enthusiastic but failed to significantly influence the peasantry while radicals like Marx renounced any importance of the idea of national belonging. Still it is impossible to ignore that there were many individuals such as Foscolo, Friedrich and Garibaldi who shared a united vision of a united country but it is unlikely that their sense of national belonging was the major significant factor in the development of nation states.